Papers supports the CSL (Citation Style Language) format when generating bibliographies and inline references. If you are modifying or developing a CSL style, the attached spreadsheet describes how the visual fields in the Papers applications map to CSL types and fields.
CSL Field Type Mappings
| Papers Type | CSL Type |
| Artwork | art |
| Journal Article | article |
| Journal Article | article-journal |
| Magazine | article-magazine |
| Newspaper Article | article-newspaper |
| Bill | bill |
| Book | book |
| Podcast | broadcast |
| Book Section | chapter |
| Computer Program | computer |
| Document | doc |
| Dictionary Entry | entry |
| Dictionary Entry | entry-dictionary |
| Encyclopedia Article | entry-encyclopedia |
| Artwork | figure |
| Document | generic |
| Artwork | graphic |
| Hearing | hearing |
| Instant Message | instant |
| Interview | interview |
| Case | legal_case |
| Statute | legislation |
| Letter | letter |
| Manuscript | manuscript |
| Map | map |
| Film | motion_picture |
| Audio Recording | musical_score |
| Book | pamphlet |
| Conference Paper | paper-conference |
| Patent | patent |
| personal_communication | |
| Podcast | podcast |
| Forum Post | post |
| Blog Post | post-weblog |
| Presentation | presentation |
| Report | report |
| Document | review |
| Document | review-book |
| Audio Recording | song |
| Presentation | speech |
| Statute | statute |
| Thesis | thesis |
| Document | treaty |
| TV Broadcast | tv |
| Film | video |
| Web Page | webpage |
CSL Field Mappings
Papers Type | Papers Field | CSL Field |
Artwork | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Artist | author | |
Artwork Size | dimensions | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Audio Recording | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Composer | ||
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Number Of Volumes | number-of-volumes | |
Performer | author | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Running Time | dimensions | |
Series Title | collection-title | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Words By | ||
Bill | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Code | container-title | |
Contributor | ||
Cosponsor | ||
Date | issued | |
History | references | |
Language | language | |
Legislative Body | authority | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Pages | page | |
Rights | ||
Section | section | |
Session | chapter-number | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Sponsor | author | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Blog Post | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Author | author | |
Commenter | ||
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Notes | note | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Book | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
DOI | DOI | |
Edition | edition | |
Editor | editor | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Num Pages | number-of-pages | |
Number Of Volumes | number-of-volumes | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Series | collection-title | |
Series Editor | collection-editor | |
Series Number | collection-number | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Book Section | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Book Author | container-author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
DOI | DOI | |
Edition | edition | |
Editor | editor | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Number Of Volumes | number-of-volumes | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Series | collection-title | |
Series Editor | collection-editor | |
Series Number | collection-number | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Case | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Author | author | |
Contributor | author | |
Counsel | author | |
Court | authority | |
Date | issued | |
History | references | |
Language | language | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Pages | page | |
Reporter | container-title | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Computer Program | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Programmer | author | |
Programming Language | genre | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Series Title | collection-title | |
Short Title | title-short | |
System | medium | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Version | version | |
Conference Paper | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Conference Name | event | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
DOI | DOI | |
Editor | ||
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Proceedings Title | container-title | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Series | collection-title | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Dictionary Entry | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Edition | edition | |
Editor | editor | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Number Of Volumes | number-of-volumes | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Series | collection-title | |
Series Editor | collection-editor | |
Series Number | collection-number | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Document | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Editor | ||
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | ||
Url | URL | |
Abstract | abstract | |
Access Date | accessed | |
Author | author | |
Contributor | author | |
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Notes | note | |
Recipient | author | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Encyclopedia Article | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Edition | edition | |
Editor | editor | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Number Of Volumes | number-of-volumes | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Series | collection-title | |
Series Editor | collection-editor | |
Series Number | collection-number | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Film | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Director | author | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Producer | ||
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Running Time | dimensions | |
Scriptwriter | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Forum Post | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Author | author | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Notes | note | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Hearing | Abstract | abstract |
Committee | section | |
Contributor | author | |
Date | issued | |
History | references | |
Language | language | |
Legislative Body | authority | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Number Of Volumes | number-of-volumes | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Session | chapter-number | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Instant Message | Abstract | abstract |
Author | author | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Notes | note | |
Recipient | recipient | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Interview | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Interview With | author | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Journal Article | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
ArXiv | arXiv | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
DOI | DOI | |
Editor | editor | |
ISSN | ISSN | |
Issue | issue | |
Journal | container-title | |
Journal Abbreviation | journalAbbreviation | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Pages | page | |
PMCID | PMCID | |
PMID | PMID | |
Publication Title | collection-title | |
Reviewed Author | reviewed-author | |
Rights | ||
Series | ||
Series Text | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Letter | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Recipient | recipient | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Magazine | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
ISSN | ISSN | |
Issue | issue | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Pages | page | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Reviewed Author | reviewed-author | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Manuscript | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Num Pages | number-of-pages | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Map | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Cartographer | author | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Edition | edition | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Scale | scale | |
Series Editor | collection-editor | |
Series Title | collection-title | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Newspaper Article | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Edition | edition | |
ISSN | ISSN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Reviewed Author | reviewed-author | |
Rights | ||
Section | section | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Url | URL | |
Patent | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Application Number | call-number | |
Assignee | ||
Attorney Agent | ||
Contributor | ||
Country | ||
Date | issued | |
Filing Date | ||
Guest | ||
Inventor | author | |
Issuing Authority | authority | |
Language | language | |
Legal Status | status | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Priority Numbers | issue | |
References | references | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Podcast | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Language | language | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Podcaster | author | |
Rights | ||
Running Time | dimensions | |
Series Title | collection-title | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Presentation | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Meeting Name | event | |
Notes | note | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Presenter | author | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Radio Broadcast | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Cast Member | ||
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Director | author | |
Guest | ||
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Producer | ||
Publication Title | container-title | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Running Time | dimensions | |
Scriptwriter | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Report | Abstract | abstract |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Author | author | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Pages | page | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Series Editor | collection-editor | |
Series Title | collection-title | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL | |
Statute | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Author | author | |
Code | container-title | |
Code Number | volume | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
History | references | |
Language | language | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Pages | page | |
Rights | ||
Section | section | |
Session | chapter-number | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Thesis | Abstract | abstract |
Author | author | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Notes | note | |
publisher | publisher | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
TV Broadcast | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Cast Member | ||
Date | issued | |
Director | author | |
Guest | ||
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Number | number | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Producer | ||
Publication Title | container-title | |
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Running Time | dimensions | |
Scriptwriter | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Video Recording | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Archive | archive | |
Archive Location | archive_location | |
Call Number | call-number | |
Cast Member | ||
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Director | author | |
ISBN | ISBN | |
Language | language | |
Library Catalog | source | |
Medium | medium | |
Notes | note | |
Number Of Volumes | number-of-volumes | |
Place | publisher-place | |
Producer | ||
Publisher | publisher | |
Rights | ||
Running Time | dimensions | |
Scriptwriter | ||
Series Title | collection-title | |
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Url | URL | |
Volume | volume | |
Web Page | Abstract | abstract |
Access Date | accessed | |
Author | author | |
Contributor | ||
Date | issued | |
Language | language | |
Notes | note | |
Publication Title | container-title | |
Rights | ||
Short Title | title-short | |
Tags | ||
Title | title | |
Translator | translator | |
Type | genre | |
Url | URL |
Please contact support with any questions working with CSL fields or styles in the Papers apps.